Asphalt emulsion for treatment of



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UNITED STATES PATENT F 23,462 FICE ASPHALT EMULSION FOR TREATMENT OFCOAL AND METHOD OF PREPARING THE SAME Charles R. Rosencranse, Pittsburg,

signer of fifty per cent to Pittsburg, Kans.

Kana, as- Joe F. Kianer, Jr.,

No Drawing. Original No. 2,431,891, dated December 2, 1947, Serial 1944.Application for Serial No. 180,091

No. 527,482, March 21, reissue August 17, 1950,

6 Claims. (Cl. 106-277) Matter enclosed reissue specification;

The invention relates to a colloidal suspension of asphalt process ofproducing the same, of which the present application is acontinuation-in-part.

An important object of the invention is to provide a substance which asa result renders the coal clean to handle and non-soiling with respectto other objects or materials with which the coated coal may come intocontact.

By coal as referred to-herein, is meant bituminous, semi-bituminous,anthracite, semianthracite, or the so-called lignite coals, and otherscomprehended by these terms. The examples given hereinbelow asembodiments of the invention will be understood to be exemplary only andas not restricting the invention except as defined in the appendedclaims.

In preparing the desired colloidal suspension of asphalt which is to besprayed on the coal for the purposes set forth above, it is necessary touse asphalt of low [initial] penetration of about. 2.6 to 3.0 mm. andhigh melting point of from [140 to 180 F.] 210 to 260 F., having certaincharacteristics. However, all such asphalts are not suitable. Some, forinstance, do not exhibit the required ductility and adhesiveness to thecoal, as judged by the coating they form on the coal, but are undulybrittle and chip or flake oil the coal. Others, although providingsufiicient ductility, produce excessive tackiness which causes the coalparticles to stick together undesirably. For this reason processing ofthe asphalt as disclosed hereinbelow is essential to provide asphalt inthe required form.

in heavy brackets appears matter printed in italics indie and run intothe in the original patent but forms no part of this ates the additionsmade by reissue.

The source of the asphalt used is not critical and asphalt 15 to 18 mm.]has The method cm. [or

and efficient.

76.1-77.9 F. with the speed of 5 centimeters per minute.

Dimensions of the mold shall be such that, when properly assembled, itwill form a briquette having the following dimensions:

Centimeter-s Total length 7.45 to 7.55

Distance between clips 2.97 to 3.03

Width at mouth of clip 1.98 to 2.02 Width at minimum cross section(halfway between clips) .99 to 1.01

Thickness throughout .99 to 1.01

For pulling the briquette apart, any apparatus may be used which is soconstructed that the be continually immersed is found in the articleproved machine for testing ductility of bitumi C. E. Cummins page 286 ofthe Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Journal, analytical edition,volume 9, No. 6, 1937.

In processing the selected asphalt, it is placed to F.,

feet of air per perature of from with approximately 4000 cubic minute,for about eight hours. penetration of the asphalt to about 26 to 30 or2.6 to 3.0 mm. and raises its melting point to about from 210 to 260Fahrenheit.

The resultant asphalt is then heated in a container to a temperature ofabout 300 Fahrenheit intake of a colloid mill simulby volume of theaqueous dispersion which .is'

described below and which has been heated in a This reduces the andcritical rate of separate container to ,a temperature -;of about 180Fahrenheit. The I esultantemulsionis.discharged into a heat exchanger bywhich its temperature is rapidly reduced to about 150 Fahrenheit, whencethe emulsion is-run into storage containers. ,7

The said dispersion consists of the following components insubstantially the proportions, by volume, set forth:

Per cent Water Resin (a substantially petroleum hydrocar- .cumulates-.-in the form-of-its sodium soap on the surface of the waste liquor.

v 1 such asis psedior spraying The coating material of the presentinvention, requiring no heating at above freezing temperatures, can besprayed or atomized on the coal, directly from theastorage containers,by means of any suitable spraying equipment, includin other coal coatingfluids.

Having described the invention, what is claimed Bentonite clay Tall oilr .10 Caustic soda 0.46

300 Fahrenheit before being run through "the colloid mill. This isnecessary in order to bring the asphaltto a state qf snfiicient fluidity.to .mix

boiling point of wate s 212" Eahrenheitmln order to overcome gQIQ it wasfound necessary to produce ,and maintain a constant 110 while thecombinedmasthe -,colloid mill, which terials are fed thr g depends uponthe @158 through the colloidal mill is maintainedand the speed of themill is not permitted to go above about half normal speed or ,'in theexample, ,given 5,000 B. P. M.

The resultant colloidal suspension of asphalt does not need any specialtreatment and to be heated to render it usable after a long :period ofstorage, unless it has been stored at a 2temperature below its freezingtemperature of about 32 Fahrenheit, in which ficient application of heatto restore it :to a fluid and atomizable or sprayable condition. Atx'lilFahrenheit the material has a viscosity of 18, as compared with 10 forwater at the same .temperature.

The resin component of the above dispersion is identified as a gasolineinsoluble resin .ob* tained, for example, from pine wood by extractionof comminuted pine wood by a coal item by: drocarbon, removal of themixture of solid resins, extracting such solid resin mixture by avolatile paramn hydrocarbon to remove rosin from said resin mixture, andcovering a parafiinqhydro carbon-insoluble resin substantially ireegfmmrosin. Such a resin substance is disclosed and; claimed in Patent No.2,193,026, ranted March 12, 1940, to Lucius Coleman Hall.

The tall oil component of the above dis.- persion disclosed in PatentNo. 2,305,588 granted December 15, 1942, to Ernest Segessemann, isingeneral the resinous and fatty by-product Lobtained chiefly in theproduction otpaper pulp. from resin-bearing woods by the soecalled sul:phate'process. In the sulphate process wood is digested with an alkalineliquor containing so- :Qf used. I11 .other words, the rateorflowismot initself critevent it requires only su f.- 1

* Itisto be noted that 'thdasphalt isheated to sion oi asphalt forspraying on consists in taking an asphalt of a type "having initially apenetration rating of about 8 to 10 mm. and a ductility rating of about[15 to 18 mm.] 150 to 180 em and zblowing the; asphalt at anoxidizingtemperature of from 141. &to 180 F. in an oxidizingchamber with about.4=.0.0,0 cubic feet of airpeirninute :forabouteighthonrs to reduce thepenetration of the-asphalt to about 2.6 to 3.0 mm. and sing its meltingpoint to about from 210 to 260 IL, then heating the asphalt in acontainer a temperature not over 300 F., then simultaneonsly running thehot blown asphalt through colloid mill operating-at substantially 5,000P. and eta-constant rate, together with anjaqueous-dispersion heated toabout 180 F., said dispersion containing .by volume substantially 05i%of water, 3% of va substantially petroleum hydrocarbon insoluble pinewood resin, 1.4% ofbentonitc, 0.10% of stall oil, and 0.46% of causticsoda, then rapidly reducing the temperature of the resultant emulsion toabout F., for storage.

2. Material adapted to .be sprayed at atmospheric temperature on coaland forming thereon a hard, dry and permanent coating rendering the coaldust-proof, moisture-proof and oxidation-proof and preventing the sametrombocoming sticky and adhering to cause large lumps, consisting oi acolloidal suspension .of asphalt of a type having initially a lowpenetration and a high meltingpoint after being heated and blown in anoxidizing chamber with approximately 4,000 cubic feetof air .per minutefor about eight hours and the penetration of the asphalt reduced toabout 2.6 to 3.0 mm. and its melting point raised to about from 210 to260 the resultant asphalt heated to a temperature of about 300 F. andsimultaneously run through a colloid mill with an approximately equalamount by volume of an aqueous dispersion com posed of water 95.04 .asubstantially petroleum. hydrocarbon insoluble pine wood resin 3.0%.bentonite clay 1.4% tall oil 0.10% and caustic soda 0.46% at atemperature of about 180 F. and the resultant emulsion rapidly reducedto a temperature of about 150 F. V

3. A-method of producing a coating coin-posh tion for coal forapplication as a spray at atmospheric temperatu e which consists in rum.ning a quantity of colloidal asphalt derived by the distillation ofcrude oil after having been previously heated in an oxidizing chamberto. temperature of from 140 to 180 F. and blown with approximately 4,000cubic feet of air per minute for about eight hours to reducev thepenetration of the asphalt to about 2.6 to 3.0 mm. and raising itsmelting point to about 210? to 7 260 F. and then'heated to atemperatureof about of to 150 F.

4. A method of producing a coating composition for coal for applicationas a spray at atmospheric temperature, which consists in simultaneouslyrunning through a colloidal mill oper ating at substantially 5,000 R. P.M., a hardened colloidal blown asphalt having a penetration of about 2.6to 3.0 mm. and a melting point of about 210 to 260 and heated in acontainer to a temperature of about 300 F., with an equal volume of anaqueous dispersion heated to a temperature of about 180 F. andcontaining by volume 95.04% water, 3.0% of a substantially petroleumhydrocarbon insoluble pine wood resin, 1.4% of bentonite clay, 0.10% oftall oil and 0.46% of caustic soda and subsequently rapidly reducing thetemperature of the resultant emulsion to about 150 F.

5. An asphaltic coal coating composition consisting of a colloidalemulsion of blown asphalt of a type characterized before [the] blowingby [low] high penetration and [high] low melting point and run into theintake of a colloidal min after being preheated to a temperature ofabout F., simultaneously with an approximately equal amount by volume ofan aqueous dispersion at a temperature of about 180 F'. containing water95.04%, a substantially petroleum hydrocarbon insoluble pine wood resinsubstantially free from rosin 3.0%, bentonite clay 1.4%, tall 011 0.10%,and caustic soda 0.46% and then rapidly reduced to a temperature ofabout 150 F.

6. A method of producing an asphaltic coal coating compositionconsisting in forming a colloidal emulsion of 50% by volume of hot blownasphalt heated to a temperature of about 300 F. and characterized by[initial] w penetration rating and high melting point CHARLES R.ROSENCRANSE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent or the original patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Number Smith: "Proc.

Name Date Kirschbraun Nov. 5, 1929 Symons June 2, 1931 Thompson Oct. 25,1932 Watts Oct. 8, 1935 Spencer Aug. 2, 1938 Buckley Sept. 23, 1941Porter Mar. 16, 1943 Barwell Feb. 1, 1944 De Laney June 6, 1944 FOREIGNPATENTS Country Date Great Britain May 25, 1926 Great Britain Dec. 30,1926 Great Britain Sept. 8, 1937 Germany Feb. 10, 1938 OTHER REFERENCESAm. Soc. Testing Materials, 9,

Thurston: 286, 1937.

"J. Ind. Eng. Chem. (Anal. Ed.)," 9,

Asphalts and Allied Substances, Abraham, 1945, vol. II. DP. 985-993 and1006-1015.

